Organ donation is a noble act that can save lives, but it is important to understand the compatibility requirements for a successful transplant. Blood type and antibodies are two of the most important factors that determine compatibility in a kidney transplant. Blood group O donors can donate to anyone, while blood group AB receptors can receive from anyone. In paired donations, incompatible couples find their partner among a group of donors and recipients.When a living donor and a transplant recipient do not share the same blood type, the recipient may undergo special treatment to calm the immune system and allow the recipient to accept the kidney that is incompatible with the living donor's blood type.
Without this treatment, the recipient's body will reject the new kidney, leading to transplant failure. Ideally, blood types should be compatible. A person with blood group O is a universal donor and can donate to anyone, while a person with blood group A can only donate to someone with blood group A, blood group B to B, and AB to AB. As for the recipient, a person with blood group O can only receive one kidney O, however, a person with blood group A can receive an A or O kidney and a person with blood type B can receive a B or O kidney.The Rh factor is not important for kidney compatibility.
A kidney from a person with a blood group A cannot be transplanted to someone with a blood group B, or the other way around. However, changing the blood type to universal O will allow more transplants to be performed since O can be used in people of any blood group. In addition, from the recipient's perspective, a younger kidney is better than an older one, and if someone is very large, they should ideally have someone's kidney of a similar size.If you have a living donor but that person's kidney is not compatible with you, you can still receive a kidney transplant from another donor through paired kidney donation. Professor Mike Nicholson and doctoral student Serena MacMillan used a normothermic infusion machine (a device that connects to a human kidney to pass oxygenated blood through the organ and better preserve it for future use) to make blood infused with an enzyme flow through the deceased kidney.
The project could increase the supply of kidneys available for transplants, especially among ethnic minority groups which are less likely to be compatible with most donated kidneys.The kidneys are the most commonly donated organ and every year thousands of people donate one of their own to a friend, family member or someone they don't know. People from minority communities are more likely to have type B blood and with the current low donation rates of these populations there simply aren't enough kidneys for everyone.
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